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Counting Natures and Hypostases: St Maximus the Confessor on the Role of Number in Christology


20.12.2022.
One of the earliest uses of ‘number’ in theology concerned the very possibility of counting hypostases as a mark of their distinctness. However, the Council of Chalcedon (451 AD) allowed the use of number for counting two natures, divine and human in one single hypostasis of Christ. This statement raised severe opposition from many Christians in the aftermath of Chalcedon for it had been interpreted as introducing division within the person of Christ. As the main supporter of the dogma of two wills in Christ (δυοθελητισμός), St Maximus the Confessor (c. 580-662 AD) took position against the interpretation of number as producing separation and opposition in Christ. The aim of this article is to present the structure of his arguments and to uncover the philosophical implications of his theory of number in Christology.

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